Irrigation Method - Surface Irrigation

Surface Irrigation (gravity irrigation)



In the surface methods of irrigation, water is applied directly to the soil surface from a channel located at the upper reach of the field. The driving force in such irrigation system is gravity and hence alternate name is gravity irrigation or gravity flooding. Two general requirements of prime importance are to obtain high efficiency and uniform distribution of water over the field. Once distributed over the field, water enters the soil and is redistributed by the forces of gravity and capillary to be available for plant use through root system. The surface irrigation is further subdivided into a number of techniques depending on the shape, slope and surface shaping of the field as summarized below.

Basin Irrigation

Border Irrigation

Furrow Irrigation

Corrugation Irrigation

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