Classification of Sprinkler Irrigation System

Classification of Sprinkler System

It is classified whether the sprinkler heads are operated individually or as group along laterals or how they are moved or cycled to irrigate the entire field.
According to mobility, the sprinkler system may be classified as portable, semi portable and permanent.

Portable System

                It has portable main lines, lateral and pumping plant, risers and sprinkler heads. It can be moved from field to field in different settings. This type of system is placed on the field for irrigation application. After completion of irrigation it can be completely moved from the field and therefore do not provide any hindrance to farm operation. However, labor requirement increases.

www.agriarticle.com

Semi- Portable System

                Water course, pumping plant, main and sub mains are fixed only laterals along with risers and sprinkler heads are portable.

www.agriarticle.com

Permanent System

                A permanent system consists of permanently laid main, sub mains, laterals and stationary water course and pumping plant.

www.agriarticle.com

Solid Set System

                It remains in a single location during an irrigation season and supplied by a fixed network of pipes. This system irrigates the entire field with a single set of components and therefore more costlier than most other systems. The labor and maintenance are however minimal. They are suitable for crops requiring minimal cultural practices. Solid set System usually designed to use low flow medium pressure sprinklers. Spacing varies from 9 m×9 m to 73m×73m. Nozzle sizes can vary from 11.59 mm to 36 mm and pressure can vary from 30 psi to 85 psi.

www.agriarticle.com

Side Roll System

                A side roll or wheel move system has wheels mounted on the lateral pipe with length acting as the axle of the wheel A lateral length upto 400 m is rolled forward and backward by applying power at the center or at the end of while pipe remains in nearly horizontal straight line. The wheel diameter should be large enough to pass over the crop without damaging it.

www.agriarticle.com

Central Pivot System

                It consists of a number of sprinkler guns mounted on a trussed beam that rotates continuously around a pivot supplied with pumping unit. It is a continuous move system. A center pivot system infact comprises a single lateral. The lateral pipe with a set sprinkler is supported on a drive unit and suspended by trusses. The water is supplied from the source to the lateral through the pivot. An electric motor mounted on the drive unit rotates the lateral that is supported at the other end on wheels trailing in the field in circular track.

www.agriarticle.com

Rain Gun Sprinkler System

                This system comprises single gun attached to pumping system that can sprinkle at least one acre of land with one setting.
               
www.agriarticle.com



Popular posts from this blog

Grafting Method - Inarching or Approach Grafting

Image
Inarching or Approach Grafting Unlike other grafting operations, in inarching the scion is attached to the stock while it is still attached to the parent plant. Round the world, the method has been extensively used in the vegetative propagation of mango. The method involves potting healthy one-year- old seedling in earthen pots, which are usually 12 in deep and 8 in wide at the top. The earth ball along with root system is kept intact and placed in the pot. The unfilled space in the pot is then filled with a mixture of well- rotted manure and canal silt. The soil is firmly pressed around the earth ball and the transplanted seedlings are then watered. Potting of seedlings is usually done one month ahead of actual inarching operations. This allows sufficient time for the seedlings to set before grafting. Inarching can either be done in the spring months or in the rainy season. July and August are preferred over the spring season because after inarching operations in the spr
Read more

Parent Material of Soil

Image
Parent Material of Soil Unconsolidated product of weathering from which soil develops is called parent material. Generally there are two groups of parent materials, i.e. sedentary and transported. The transported materials are further subdivided according to transporting agency and place of deposition. Sedentary or Residual                                            The parent material formed in place and still at the original site. Transported                       The parent material carried and deposited by various transporting agencies. By gravity- Colluvial By water- Alluvial By ice- Glacial By wind- Eolian The nature and properties of parent material together with climate are the most important factors affecting the kind and quality of soils. So to understand soils we must know the source of material, mechanisms of weathering and transporting agencies. Sedentary or Residual Parent Material                                                      
Read more

Green Manuring

Image
Green Manuring A growing crop that is plowed under and mixed with soil to enrich the organic matter is called green manure crop. The practice of plowing under or soil incorporation of such green manure is called green manuring. Green manures are mostly leguminous crops which are high in nitrogen contents. Generally following crops are suitable for green manuring: Jantar, Guara, Cow peas, Alfalfa, Sun hemp and Clover etc. Criteria for the selection of green manure crops It should be fast growing and easily established. It should produce abundant and succulent biomass. It should be well adapted to the local conditions. Growth habit of crop should encourage ground cover soon after its establishment. It should be able to fix nitrogen in the soil. It should have a wide climatic and soil adaptation and ability to grow on poor soil. Advantages Improves the soil fertility Adds nutrients and organic matter to the soil Improves the soil structure Improves soil aer
Read more