Topography

Topography

It is the difference in elevation or slope between the uplands and lowlands of a valley or it is the earth’s surface contour.
Topography of a land can hasten or delay the work of climatic forces. In smooth and flat surface excess water is moved less rapidly than in areas of steep slopes. Soils having steep slopes encourage natural erosion of the soil surface which reduces the possibilities of the development of a deep soil. On the other hand, if water remains available for part or all of the year on gentle slopes there will be more vegetation and organic matter accumulation resulting in the development of a deep soil profile.
Topography also determines the type and amount of vegetation. Higher plants and more vegetation are present on north facing slopes but scarce and small shrubs are present on the south facing slopes.

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